England
Bro Saoz
Hardknot
Mediobogdum
Cumberland
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Encyclopédie Marikavel-Jean-Claude-EVEN/Encyclopaedia/Enciclopedia/Enzyklopädie/egkuklopaideia
| Noms de lieux | Noms de personnes |
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England Bro Saoz |
Hardknot Mediobogdum |
Cumberland *** |
| page ouverte le 18.04.2005 |  |
forum de discussion
* forum du site Marikavel : Academia Celtica |
dernière mise à jour : 30/12/2009 13:37:51 |
| Définition : fort romain situé entre Glannoventa / Ravengass et Galava / Ambleside, dans une courbe de la rivière Isca / Esk.. |
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Extrait de la carte Ordnance Survey : Map of Roman Britain. |
Histoire : |
| Étymologie :
A. Mediobogdum : Rivet & Smith, p 415 : SOURCE - Ravenna, 1072 : MEDIOBOGDO; variante MEDEBOGDO. DERIVATION. The first element is Celtic *medio-, cognate with Latin medius, English mid, etc. It occurs in a few place-names only, including the next two entries, and in the name of the Mediomatrici people of the région of Metz. The second element is related by Williams, following Walde-Pokorny, to a root *beugh- 'bend, curve' (English bow); Williams notes that this exactly suits the Rhobogdii (Robogdioi, Ptolemy II, 2, 2) people of Ireland, who are thus 'bowmen'. This is then applied by R&C to the topography : Mediobogdum means 'place in the middle of the curve', 'which exactly describes Hardknot in relation to the Esk valley'. This seems preferable to Holder's suggestion (I. 454, concerning the Irish Rhobogdii) which would involve rather *boc- (represented by Ravenna as -bog-, with g for c, as often) as in British Bocrandium, and a sense for the present name of '(place) in the middle of the swelling', or less probably '(place) in the middle of the boggy part'. IDENTIFICATION. The Roman fort at Hardknot, Cumberland (NY 2101), beside the pass between Ravenglass (Glannoventa) and Ambleside (Galava). ------------- commentaire JCE : - première syllabe issue de *medio : milieu, centre, etc. - deuxième syllabe*bogd- : désignant apparemment la courbe de la rivière, selon une racine évoquée par William, suivant l'avis de Walde-Pokorny : *beugh-. - première syllabe : hard : difficile, inaccessible. ------------- B. Hardknot : * Eilert Ekwall : "Hardecnuut, c. 1210; Ardechnut, 1242 FC. Second element Old Norge knutr 'knot', Norw. knut : peak". |
| Sources :
* Eilert Ekwall : The Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Place-Names. Oxford. 1964-1980. * Ordnance Survey : Map of Roman Britain. * ALF Rivet & Colin Smith : The Place-Names of Roman Britain. Batsford Ltd. London. 1979. |
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Autres sites Internet traitant de Hardknot / Mediobogdum : * forum du site Marikavel : Academia Celtica hast buan, ma mignonig go fast, my little friend |
